02 / Resources

The raw material of
modern industry.

A diversified commodity book balancing precious metals, bulk energy minerals and the critical materials of the energy transition.

Platinum Group Metals specimenPGM
Limpopo · Bushveld Complex

Platinum Group Metals

Six-element basket — platinum, palladium, rhodium, ruthenium, iridium and osmium — hosted in the Merensky and UG2 reefs.

Typical grade
4.2 – 6.1 g/t (4E)
Mining method
Mechanised underground bord-and-pillar
Saleable product
Smelter-grade flotation concentrate
Key uses
  • ›Autocatalysts for petrol & diesel vehicles
  • ›Hydrogen fuel-cell electrodes
  • ›Investment & jewellery bullion
Primary markets
  • ›European Union
  • ›Japan
  • ›United States
Chrome Ore specimenCR
Limpopo · Eastern Bushveld

Chrome Ore

South Africa holds ~70% of global chromite reserves; our LG6 and MG seams feed downstream ferrochrome smelters.

Typical grade
38 – 44% Cr₂O₃
Mining method
Open-pit and shallow underground
Saleable product
Metallurgical and chemical-grade lumpy & fines
Key uses
  • ›Stainless steel production
  • ›Ferrochrome alloys
  • ›Refractory bricks & pigments
Primary markets
  • ›China
  • ›India
  • ›Türkiye
Thermal Coal specimenCO
Mpumalanga · Highveld Coalfield

Thermal Coal

Bituminous coal for power generation, supplied domestically to Eskom and into the seaborne export market via RBCT.

Typical grade
5,500 – 6,000 kcal/kg NAR
Mining method
Open-cast truck-and-shovel
Saleable product
Washed, sized RB1 / RB3 export coal
Key uses
  • ›Electricity generation
  • ›Cement kilns
  • ›Industrial heating
Primary markets
  • ›India
  • ›Pakistan
  • ›Southern Africa
Metallurgical Coal specimenMC
Mpumalanga · Witbank Coalfield

Metallurgical Coal

Low-ash, low-sulphur coking and PCI coal that meets blast-furnace specifications for global steel producers.

Typical grade
Vol. matter 22 – 28%, Ash <10%
Mining method
Underground bord-and-pillar with washing plant
Saleable product
Hard coking coal & PCI
Key uses
  • ›Coke for blast furnaces
  • ›Pulverised coal injection in steelmaking
Primary markets
  • ›India
  • ›Brazil
  • ›Europe
Gold specimenAU
North West · Witwatersrand Basin

Gold

Deep-level reef gold extracted from the Ventersdorp Contact Reef and Carbon Leader, refined at Rand Refinery.

Typical grade
6 – 9 g/t Au
Mining method
Deep-level conventional underground
Saleable product
Doré bars (>92% Au) for refining
Key uses
  • ›Central-bank reserves & investment bullion
  • ›Jewellery
  • ›Electronics & dentistry
Primary markets
  • ›Switzerland
  • ›United Arab Emirates
  • ›United Kingdom
Vanadium specimenV
North West · Bushveld Magnetite Layer

Vanadium

Magnetite-hosted vanadium pentoxide — a critical material for high-strength steel and grid-scale energy storage.

Typical grade
1.5 – 1.9% V₂O₅ in magnetite
Mining method
Open-pit with magnetic separation & roast-leach
Saleable product
Vanadium pentoxide flake (V₂O₅, 98%)
Key uses
  • ›High-strength low-alloy (HSLA) steel
  • ›Vanadium redox-flow batteries
  • ›Aerospace titanium alloys
Primary markets
  • ›China
  • ›United States
  • ›European Union